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What does the field of pathology study?

  1. The structure of healthy cells

  2. The causes and effects of disease

  3. The treatment of infections

  4. The classification of microorganisms

The correct answer is: The causes and effects of disease

The field of pathology is primarily concerned with the study of the causes, mechanisms, and effects of diseases. It encompasses various aspects such as understanding how diseases develop, what underlying factors contribute to their onset, and the physiological and biochemical changes that occur as a result. Pathologists analyze tissues, cells, and bodily fluids to identify disease processes and investigate the effects of diseases on the body. This discipline plays a crucial role in diagnosing diseases and guiding treatment decisions based on the characteristics of the diseases studied. While options concerning the structure of healthy cells, treatment of infections, and the classification of microorganisms address significant areas in medicine and biology, they do not capture the overarching focus of pathology, which is explicitly centered on diseases themselves.